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CASCADING GAIN STAGE AMPLIFERS 

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 When a signal passes through a vacuum tube stage the signal is distorted harmonically. All wave forms can be expressed as the sum of their harmonics so clipped wave forms behave much like mild harmonic distortion from compression. Humans seem to like sounds of all types passed through vacuum tubes better. Most popular amplifiers pass the signal through about 5 high gain tube segments and not all of them amplify but all of these contribute important harmonics. The MESA BOOGIE amplifiers started cascading adding 1 or 2 high gain tube segments. Harmonics propagate more complex harmonics as they cascade through the tubes. The problem is that cascading with high gain tubes gets you more harmonics faster than need them and gets bright and harsh fast. When used with very efficient speakers that don't roll of highs there even more brite. My amp uses 6CG7 and 6SN7 that amplify voltage about 14 times while most amps use 12AX7 tubes that can amplify voltage up to 80 times. Amps like Fender Marshal Vox have about 4 or 5 of these high gain segments in the signal path and not all of them amplify. My amplifier has one 12AX7 stage and six 6cg7/6sn7 tubes in the signal path. two of the 6CG7/6SN7 segments can be switched from CATHODE FOLLOWERS to RESISTANCE COUPLED AMPLIFIERS. This switching has important effects on their performance. My amplifier has 5 main methods to control gain. 3 volume knobs and 2 tube stage switches that switch from cathode followers to resistance coupled amplifiers. By adjusting these I can concentrate OVERDRIVE in specific tube segments or spread it out more evenly.3 NEW AMP TEST YouTube  PODCASTS: THESE TESTS ARE ABOUT HOW THE AMPLIFIER EFFECTS THE GUITARS TONE https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLh1Z76LBTy1vI1DmsyXsD9H2VndZ_FEPg

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